Manipur remains tense after clashes between Kuki protesters and security forces, resulting in casualties and a shutdown in parts of the state.
Introduction to the Crisis in Manipur
Manipur, a state in northeastern India, has been gripped by tension and violence following clashes between Kuki protesters and security forces. The unrest began as a response to a directive by Union Home Minister Amit Shah, allowing free movement across the state, which was met with opposition from Kuki groups. This directive was part of efforts to restore normalcy in the state, which has been under the President’s rule since February 2025 due to ongoing ethnic violence between the Kuki-Zo and Meitei communities.
The situation escalated on Saturday when protests turned violent in the Kangpokpi district, resulting in the death of one protester and injuring over 40 others, including women and policemen. Security forces used tear gas to disperse the crowd, but protesters resisted fiercely, using catapults and barricading roads with boulders, burning tires, and felling trees. A Manipur State Transport bus was attacked by a mob in Gamghiphai, prompting a strong response from security forces. The protests also targeted a peace march organized by the Federation of Civil Society, which was halted due to a lack of necessary permits.
Background of the Conflict
The conflict in Manipur has its roots in ethnic tensions between the Kuki-Zo and Meitei communities, which flared up in May 2023. The violence has resulted in over 250 deaths and has displaced thousands of people. The Kuki-Zo groups have been demanding a separate administration or a Union Territory with an assembly, citing historical demands dating back to 1946-47. In contrast, Meitei leaders have questioned why internally displaced people cannot return home safely and why national highways are blocked by Kuki groups.
The Kuki-Zo Council, a newly formed group, has called for an indefinite shutdown in areas dominated by the Kuki-Zo tribes, opposing the government’s initiative to allow free movement across the state. This shutdown has disrupted normal life in these areas, with the Indigenous Tribal Leaders’ Forum supporting the move and condemning the use of excessive force by security personnel.
Current Situation and Response
The situation in Kangpokpi remains tense but calm, with additional security forces deployed to maintain order. Vehicle patrols have been implemented along NH-2 to ensure safety. The clashes have resulted in significant damage, with five security vehicles damaged and one set on fire. The police reported that 27 security personnel were injured, with two critically hurt, due to stone-pelting and gunfire from protesters.
The Centre’s decision to allow free movement was aimed at restoring peace and normalcy in the state. However, Kuki leaders argue that this move should not proceed without addressing their demands for a separate administration. The conflict highlights deep-seated issues of land rights and political representation that have been unresolved for years.
What do you think is the most effective way to resolve the ethnic tensions and ensure lasting peace in Manipur?
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